Civics /Polity (Civil Services in India)

Civil Services in India

* Central services by central government → UPSC

* State services by state Government → State PSC

* Common services to Union & States → All India Services

All India Services

* Serve centre as well as states; recruited by ministry of personnel in consultation with UPSC

* Are under direct control of ministry for ex. IAS, IPS, IFS

* If Rajya sabha passes a resolution supported by not less than 2/3rd of members present & voting, then Parliament may by law provide for creation of one or more all India services (Including All India Judicial services → 42nd amendment)

All 3 Services

* Member of AISs or Central services hold office during the pleasure of President & in case of state services, of governor

* President / Governor may provide for compensation if →

 - Post is abolished before expiration of contractual period

 - He is required to vacate the post for reasons not connected with misconduct on his part

Safeguard of Civil Servants

* No person holding a civil post under Union or states shall be dismissed or removed by an authority subordinate to appointing authority

* No such person is reduced, dismissed or removed in rank except after an enquiry in which he has been informed of the charges against him & given a reasonable opportunity of being heard wrt those charges

Union Public service commission

* Chairman (appointed by President)

* Members (Decided by President → Not Fixed)

* 1/2 of the members of commission should be such persons, who have held the office for atleast 10 years, either under GOI or state government

Duration → 6 years / 65 years

Removal → By President on following terms

* Guilty of misbehaviour or holds office of profit

* Adjudged insolvent

* Engages in paid employment outside duties of his office

State or Joint Public service commission

State PSC →  Chairman + Members → appointed by Governor

Joint PSC → Chairman + Members  → appointed by President

Joint PSC → 2 or more states agree to have joint PSC, Provided a resolution to the effect, passed by legislature of these states in parliament

Duration → 6 years or 62 years of age

Points of Prominence

* UPSC, if requested by governor, may with approval of President agree to act for a state

* Half of the members of every PSC are the officials, who have held the government office (union or state) for atleast 10 yrs

* All PSCs are only advisory in nature

* Chairman & members of Joint & state PSC can be removed from the office by only the orders of the President

* Governor only has power to pass an interim order of suspension, pending the final order of President on report of SC